Restless Legs Syndrome

Restless leg syndrome is a disorder characterized by leg discomfort during sleep, which is only relieved by frequent movements of the legs. Restless leg syndrome (RLS) occurs most often in middle-aged and older adults and seems to be made worse by stress or emotional upset. While the cause is not known, RLS can occur more often in patients with peripheral neuropathy, chronic kidney disease, Parkinson's disease, pregnancy, or iron deficiency. The disorder creates uncomfortable sensations in the lower legs that generate strong urges to make leg movement. The sensations usually occur shortly after going to bed but may also occur during the daytime.

While there is no cure for RLS, treatment is focused on reducing stress and helping the muscles relax. Warm baths, gentle stretching exercises, massage or similar techniques may help. Low doses of pramipexole or ropinirole (Requip) have been found to be very effective in controlling symptoms in some people. If sleep is severely disrupted, medications such as Sinemet (an anti-Parkinson's medication) or tranquilizers such as clonazepam may be prescribed, but they may cause daytime sleepiness.

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