Autism
Autism is a complex developmental disorder that appears in the first three years of life, although it is sometimes diagnosed much later. Common features include impaired social interactions, impaired verbal and nonverbal communication, problems processing information from the senses, and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior. Autism is linked to abnormal biology and chemistry in the brain. While it affects boys 3 to 4 times more often than girls, the causes are unknown. Genetic factors seem to be important. Other possible, but not yet proven, causes involve digestive tract changes, diet, mercury poisoning, vaccine sensitivity, and the body's inefficient use of vitamins and minerals.
Some children with autism demonstrate aggression, toward themselves or others. Often they perform repeated body movements, show unusual attachments to objects or have unusual distress when routines are changed. Many children experience sensitivities regarding sight, hearing, touch, smell, or taste. Socially they may be withdrawn, avoid eye contact, show a lack of empathy and demonstrate solitary or ritualistic play. An evaluation of autism will often include a complete physical and neurological examination. An early, intensive, appropriate treatment program will greatly improve the outlook for most young children with autism.
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