Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder

ADHD, also known as ADD or Childhood hyperkinesis, is a problem related to inattentiveness, over-activity and/or impulsivity beyond the normal range for a child's age and development. It affects interpersonal relationships as well a school performance. Depression, sleep deprivation, learning disabilities, tic disorders, and behavior problems may be confused with, or appear along with, ADHD. Often genetic, ADHD affects an estimated 3 - 5% of school aged children and is diagnosed in boys much more often than in girls. Studies suggest that the brains of children with ADHD are different from those of other children in how they handle neurotransmitters, including dopamine, serotonin, and adrenalin.

Most children with ADHD also have at least one other developmental or behavioral problem. Evaluation includes developmental, mental, nutritional, physical, and psychosocial examination. To be diagnosed with ADHD, children need to have at least 6 attention symptoms or 6 activity and impulsivity symptoms -- to a degree beyond what would be expected in their age group. Treatment often includes medication and behavior therapy.

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